自己做了一塊74HC595的IO擴展板卡，出于靈活考慮，沒有都采用級聯的方式，而是2組多芯片級聯的結構。基于STM32平臺設計。

結構示意圖

74HV595內部結構圖

頭文件：

#ifndef __74HC595_H__
#define __74HC595_H__


#include "main.h"


typedef struct{
  GPIO_TypeDef* GPIOx;
  uint16_t GPIO_Pin;
}strHC595_Port;


//非級聯74HC595芯片組數
#define HC595_GROUP_NUMBER  2


/* 第一組芯片 */
//使能
#define HC595_OE1_RCC_GPIOX_EN      __HAL_RCC_GPIOA_CLK_ENABLE()
#define HC595_OE1_GPIO          GPIOA
#define HC595_OE1_PIN          GPIO_PIN_4
//鎖存
#define HC595_RCLK1_RCC_GPIOX_EN    __HAL_RCC_GPIOA_CLK_ENABLE()
#define HC595_RCLK1_GPIO        GPIOA
#define HC595_RCLK1_PIN          GPIO_PIN_6
//時鐘
#define HC595_SRCLK1_RCC_GPIOX_EN    __HAL_RCC_GPIOA_CLK_ENABLE()
#define HC595_SRCLK1_GPIO        GPIOA
#define HC595_SRCLK1_PIN        GPIO_PIN_7
//清除
#define HC595_SRCLR1_RCC_GPIOX_EN    __HAL_RCC_GPIOA_CLK_ENABLE()
#define HC595_SRCLR1_GPIO        GPIOA
#define HC595_SRCLR1_PIN        GPIO_PIN_5
//數據
#define HC595_DATA1_RCC_GPIOX_EN    __HAL_RCC_GPIOC_CLK_ENABLE()
#define HC595_DATA1_GPIO        GPIOC
#define HC595_DATA1_PIN          GPIO_PIN_4




/* 第二組芯片 */
//使能
#define HC595_OE2_RCC_GPIOX_EN      __HAL_RCC_GPIOA_CLK_ENABLE()
#define HC595_OE2_GPIO          GPIOB
#define HC595_OE2_PIN          GPIO_PIN_3
//鎖存
#define HC595_RCLK2_RCC_GPIOX_EN    __HAL_RCC_GPIOB_CLK_ENABLE()
#define HC595_RCLK2_GPIO        GPIOB
#define HC595_RCLK2_PIN          GPIO_PIN_5
//時鐘
#define HC595_SRCLK2_RCC_GPIOX_EN    __HAL_RCC_GPIOB_CLK_ENABLE()
#define HC595_SRCLK2_GPIO        GPIOB
#define HC595_SRCLK2_PIN        GPIO_PIN_6
//清除
#define HC595_SRCLR2_RCC_GPIOX_EN    __HAL_RCC_GPIOB_CLK_ENABLE()
#define HC595_SRCLR2_GPIO        GPIOB
#define HC595_SRCLR2_PIN        GPIO_PIN_4
//數據
#define HC595_DATA2_RCC_GPIOX_EN    __HAL_RCC_GPIOB_CLK_ENABLE()
#define HC595_DATA2_GPIO        GPIOB
#define HC595_DATA2_PIN          GPIO_PIN_7


extern void HC595_Init(void);
extern uint8_t HC595_write(uint8_t group,uint8_t nbit,uint32_t datas);


#endif /*__74HC595_H__*/

源文件：

#include "74HC595.h"


strHC595_Port HC595_OE_Port[HC595_GROUP_NUMBER]=
{        
  {HC595_OE1_GPIO,HC595_OE1_PIN},
  {HC595_OE2_GPIO,HC595_OE2_PIN},
  //元素個數與HC595_GROUP_NUMBER對應
};


strHC595_Port HC595_RCLK_Port[HC595_GROUP_NUMBER]=
{        
  {HC595_RCLK1_GPIO,HC595_RCLK1_PIN},
  {HC595_RCLK2_GPIO,HC595_RCLK2_PIN},
  //元素個數與HC595_GROUP_NUMBER對應
};


strHC595_Port HC595_SRCLK_Port[HC595_GROUP_NUMBER]=
{        
  {HC595_SRCLK1_GPIO,HC595_SRCLK1_PIN},
  {HC595_SRCLK2_GPIO,HC595_SRCLK2_PIN},
  //元素個數與HC595_GROUP_NUMBER對應
};


strHC595_Port HC595_SRCLR_Port[HC595_GROUP_NUMBER]=
{        
  {HC595_SRCLR1_GPIO,HC595_SRCLR1_PIN},
  {HC595_SRCLR2_GPIO,HC595_SRCLR2_PIN},
  //元素個數與HC595_GROUP_NUMBER對應
};


strHC595_Port HC595_DATA_Port[HC595_GROUP_NUMBER]=
{        
  {HC595_DATA1_GPIO,HC595_DATA1_PIN},
  {HC595_DATA2_GPIO,HC595_DATA2_PIN},
 //元素個數與HC595_GROUP_NUMBER對應
};
//操作接口宏定義
#define HC595_OE_PIN(X)      HC595_OE_Port[X].GPIO_Pin
#define HC595_OE_GPIO(X)    HC595_OE_Port[X].GPIOx  
#define HC595_OE_H(X)      HAL_GPIO_WritePin(HC595_OE_GPIO(X), HC595_OE_PIN(X), GPIO_PIN_SET)
#define HC595_OE_L(X)      HAL_GPIO_WritePin(HC595_OE_GPIO(X), HC595_OE_PIN(X), GPIO_PIN_RESET)


#define HC595_RCLK_PIN(X)    HC595_RCLK_Port[X].GPIO_Pin
#define HC595_RCLK_GPIO(X)    HC595_RCLK_Port[X].GPIOx  
#define HC595_RCLK_H(X)      HAL_GPIO_WritePin(HC595_RCLK_GPIO(X), HC595_RCLK_PIN(X), GPIO_PIN_SET)
#define HC595_RCLK_L(X)      HAL_GPIO_WritePin(HC595_RCLK_GPIO(X), HC595_RCLK_PIN(X), GPIO_PIN_RESET)


#define HC595_SRCLK_PIN(X)    HC595_SRCLK_Port[X].GPIO_Pin
#define HC595_SRCLK_GPIO(X)    HC595_SRCLK_Port[X].GPIOx  
#define HC595_SRCLK_H(X)    HAL_GPIO_WritePin(HC595_SRCLK_GPIO(X), HC595_SRCLK_PIN(X), GPIO_PIN_SET)
#define HC595_SRCLK_L(X)    HAL_GPIO_WritePin(HC595_SRCLK_GPIO(X), HC595_SRCLK_PIN(X), GPIO_PIN_RESET)


#define HC595_SRCLR_PIN(X)    HC595_SRCLR_Port[X].GPIO_Pin
#define HC595_SRCLR_GPIO(X)    HC595_SRCLR_Port[X].GPIOx  
#define HC595_SRCLR_H(X)    HAL_GPIO_WritePin(HC595_SRCLR_GPIO(X), HC595_SRCLR_PIN(X), GPIO_PIN_SET)
#define HC595_SRCLR_L(X)    HAL_GPIO_WritePin(HC595_SRCLR_GPIO(X), HC595_SRCLR_PIN(X), GPIO_PIN_RESET)


#define HC595_DATA_PIN(X)    HC595_DATA_Port[X].GPIO_Pin
#define HC595_DATA_GPIO(X)    HC595_DATA_Port[X].GPIOx  
#define HC595_DATA_H(X)      HAL_GPIO_WritePin(HC595_DATA_GPIO(X), HC595_DATA_PIN(X), GPIO_PIN_SET)
#define HC595_DATA_L(X)      HAL_GPIO_WritePin(HC595_DATA_GPIO(X), HC595_DATA_PIN(X), GPIO_PIN_RESET)


void HC595_delay_us(uint8_t t_us)
{
  //修改為系統中對應的微秒級延時函數,根據實際需求可以換成更小的ns級延時
  delay_us(t_us);
}
/*
*描述：初始化HC595_GROUP_NUMBER組芯片對應的控制引腳
*/
void HC595_Init(void)
{
  GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct = {0};
  uint8_t i = 0;

  /* GPIO Ports Clock Enable */
  //第一組芯片引腳時鐘
  HC595_OE1_RCC_GPIOX_EN;
  HC595_RCLK1_RCC_GPIOX_EN;
  HC595_SRCLK1_RCC_GPIOX_EN;
  HC595_SRCLR1_RCC_GPIOX_EN;
  HC595_DATA1_RCC_GPIOX_EN;
  //第二組芯片引腳時鐘
  HC595_OE2_RCC_GPIOX_EN;
  HC595_RCLK2_RCC_GPIOX_EN;
  HC595_SRCLK2_RCC_GPIOX_EN;
  HC595_SRCLR2_RCC_GPIOX_EN;
  HC595_DATA2_RCC_GPIOX_EN;
  /*Configure GPIO pin */
  for(i=0; i