立體匹配技術使得通過像點獲取景物的距離信息，實現三維立體再現成為可能，是計
算機視覺研究中最基本的關鍵問題之一。本文選擇圖像的邊緣點作為匹配基元，以邊緣特征點處的灰度值、梯度的大小和方向、拉普拉斯值作為其屬性值，依據立體匹配的約束條件，建立能量函數。在進行圖像的立體匹配的過程中，運用蟻群優化算法找尋使能量函數達到最小的路徑，從而實現立體匹配。實驗證明，該方法具有較強的穩定性，能得到較高精度的匹
配結果。
關鍵詞：立體匹配；能量函數；蟻群優化算法

Abstract: Stereo matching makes it possible to reproduce a three- dimensional stereo by getting the distance information through pixels. It is one of the fundamental and significant problems in the study of the computer vision. In this paper, choosing the edges as the primitives for matching, the grey values of the edges and the magnitude and direction of the edge gradient and the Laplace values were figured out as the properties of the edge feature
points, according to the constraints for stereo matching, the energy function was built.
During the process of stereo matching, ant colony optimization algorithm was applied
to this problem for finding the route minimizing the energy function. Experiment
results show that this algorithm is more stable and it can get the matching result with
better accuracy.
Key words: Stereo matching; Energy function; Ant colony optimization algorithm