這里介紹了 RTT 常見的幾個 bsp 的調試方法，其他的都是類似的形式，照著寫即可

前置條件

軟件環境
vscode
vscode Cortex Debug 插件

選擇性下載的軟件
gdb-multiarch
gcc-arm-none-eabi
pyocd
openocd

launch.json 配置文件

這里先貼一下配置文件，給那些只需要配置文件的小伙伴準備的

{
"version": "0.2.0",
"configurations": [
{
"name": "qemu-vexpress-a9",
"type": "cppdbg",
"request": "launch",
"program": "${workspaceRoot}/bsp/qemu-vexpress-a9/rtthread.elf",
"args": [],
"stopAtEntry": true,
"cwd": "${workspaceRoot}/bsp/qemu-vexpress-a9",
"environment": [],
"externalConsole": true,
"miDebuggerServerAddress": "localhost:1234",
"serverLaunchTimeout": 2000,
"targetArchitecture": "ARM",
"MIMode": "gdb",
"miDebuggerPath": "gdb-multiarch",
"setupCommands": [
{
"text": "set backtrace limit 16"
}
],
"customLaunchSetupCommands": [],
"launchCompleteCommand": "exec-run",
},
{
"name": "qemu-virt64-riscv",
"type": "cppdbg",
"request": "launch",
"program": "${workspaceRoot}/bsp/qemu-virt64-riscv/rtthread.elf",
"args": [],
"stopAtEntry": true,
"cwd": "${workspaceRoot}/bsp/qemu-virt64-riscv",
"environment": [],
"externalConsole": true,
"miDebuggerServerAddress": "localhost:1234",
"serverLaunchTimeout": 2000,
"targetArchitecture": "ARM",
"MIMode": "gdb",
"miDebuggerPath": "gdb-multiarch",
"setupCommands": [
{
"text": "set backtrace limit 16"
}
],
"customLaunchSetupCommands": [],
"launchCompleteCommand": "exec-run",
},
{
"name": "qemu-virt64-aarch64",
"type": "cppdbg",
"request": "launch",
"program": "${workspaceRoot}/bsp/qemu-virt64-aarch64/rtthread.elf",
"args": [],
"stopAtEntry": true,
"cwd": "${workspaceRoot}/bsp/qemu-virt64-aarch64",
"environment": [],
"externalConsole": true,
"miDebuggerServerAddress": "localhost:1234",
"serverLaunchTimeout": 2000,
"targetArchitecture": "ARM",
"MIMode": "gdb",
"miDebuggerPath": "gdb-multiarch",
"setupCommands": [
{
"text": "set backtrace limit 16"
}
],
"customLaunchSetupCommands": [],
"launchCompleteCommand": "exec-run",
},
{
"name": "rt-spark-pyocd",
"cwd": "/opt/rt-thread/tools/pyocd/bin/",
"executable": "${workspaceRoot}/bsp/stm32/stm32f407-rt-spark/rt-thread.elf",
"request": "launch",
"type": "cortex-debug",
"runToEntryPoint": "main",
"targetId": "STM32F407ZG",
"servertype": "pyocd",
"serverpath": "/opt/rt-thread/tools/pyocd/bin/pyocd",
"armToolchainPath": "/opt/rt-thread/tools/gnu_gcc/gcc-arm-none-eabi/bin/",
"gdbPath": "/opt/rt-thread/tools/gnu_gcc/gcc-arm-none-eabi/bin/arm-none-eabi-gdb",
},
{
"name": "rt-spark-openocd",
"executable": "${workspaceRoot}/bsp/stm32/stm32f407-rt-spark/rt-thread.elf",
"request": "launch",
"type": "cortex-debug",
"runToEntryPoint": "main",
"targetId": "STM32F407ZG",
"servertype": "openocd",
"configFiles": [
"interface/stlink-v2.cfg",
"target/stm32f4x.cfg"
],
"armToolchainPath": "/opt/rt-thread/tools/gnu_gcc/gcc-arm-none-eabi/bin/",
"gdbPath": "/opt/rt-thread/tools/gnu_gcc/gcc-arm-none-eabi/bin/arm-none-eabi-gdb",
},
{
"name": "hmi-board-pyocd",
"cwd": "/opt/pyocd/bin/",
"executable": "${workspaceRoot}/bsp/renesas/ra6m3-hmi-board/rtthread.elf",
"request": "launch",
"type": "cortex-debug",
"runToEntryPoint": "main",
"targetId": "R7FA6M3AH",
"servertype": "pyocd",
"serverpath": "/opt/pyocd/bin/pyocd",
"armToolchainPath": "/opt/rt-thread/tools/gnu_gcc/gcc-arm-none-eabi/bin/",
"gdbPath": "/opt/rt-thread/tools/gnu_gcc/gcc-arm-none-eabi/bin/arm-none-eabi-gdb",
}
]
}

launch.json 配置文件注意事項

這里是以 rt-thread 源碼為路徑的，如果不對應的話請修改 launch.json 文件中的 executable 值 ，其中 ${workspaceRoot} 表示的是 vscode 工程的路徑

除了 qemu 相關外，其他的 name 值都是使用的開發版名稱加調試類型（這里沒特殊要求，個人習慣而已，方便調試開發板時選擇特定的工程及調試工具）

調試 qemu 時記得安裝 gdb-multiarch 工具（archlinux 推薦使用 aur 工具輸入 yay -S gdb-multiarch），如果安裝了之后還有以下錯誤，miDebuggerPath 值請使用全路徑

使用 openocd 調試時請安裝 openocd 工具（archlinux 推薦使用 aur 工具輸入 yay -S openocd）

使用 pyocd 調試時請安裝 pyocd 工具（archlinux 推薦使用 aur 工具輸入 yay -S rt-pyocd-git）（目前無法一條命令配置成功，并且有自己更改的部分，非 archlinux 用戶不建議使用，硬要使用也可以下面有具體教程）

使用 gcc-arm-none-eabi 調試時請安裝 gcc-arm-none-eabi 工具（archlinux 推薦使用 aur 工具輸入 yay -S rt-gcc-arm-none-eabi）非 archlinux 用戶請修改 armToolchainPath 和 gdbPath 到 gcc-arm-none-eabi 對應路徑，archlinux 用戶不用修改路徑即可正常使用

pyocd 安裝

Windows

安裝之后請修改 launch.json 中的 cwd 和 serverpath 值

linux
git clone https://github.com/RT-Thread-Studio/sdk-debugger-pyocd.git
python -m venv /opt/pyocd
/opt/pyocd/bin/pip install pyocd
cp -r sdk-debugger-pyocd/packs /opt/pyocd/bin
rm -rf sdk-debugger-pyocd
cd /opt/pyocd/bin/packs && python ./update_yaml.py
cd -
其中 launch.json 中的 cwd 值表示當前的運行路徑，把這個設置到 /opt/pyocd/bin 是為了讓 pyocd 找到 pack 包

調試

先在這里選擇您所需要的調試

實體硬件需要連接開發板，qemu 需要運行 bsp 路徑下的 qemu debug/dbg
按下 F5 即可開始調試