從Mars鉆井到機(jī)器人裝配機(jī)器零件，力傳感器解決方案繼續(xù)增長(zhǎng)

　　力和加速度傳感器已經(jīng)存在了很長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間，但他們?nèi)匀槐憩F(xiàn)出有趣的技術(shù)進(jìn)步，旨在滿足新的和不斷變化的用途，在軍事，工業(yè)，消費(fèi)電子，移動(dòng)和醫(yī)療應(yīng)用。

　　早期的力傳感器是液壓式的，氣缸、隔膜和風(fēng)箱將壓力轉(zhuǎn)換成壓力信號(hào)，在超大的壓力表上讀取。它們堅(jiān)固耐用，可靠，可以在惡劣的環(huán)境中使用，數(shù)據(jù)可以同時(shí)解析為幾個(gè)點(diǎn)。

　　力傳感器系統(tǒng)是具有氣動(dòng)輸出很容易地集成到過(guò)程控制采用通用3-15 psi的輸出。此后不久，應(yīng)變計(jì)傳感器改變了測(cè)力的方式。傳感元件是基于電阻和伸長(zhǎng)率，扭曲，或扭曲的導(dǎo)電材料從休息的位置。當(dāng)導(dǎo)體連接到銷、軸和板時(shí)，他們創(chuàng)造了高度精確的、可重復(fù)的、堅(jiān)固的力傳感器系統(tǒng)，稱為稱重傳感器。目前，它們被用于稱重箱、秤和醫(yī)用生命體征測(cè)量。。

　　The most common dynamic force sensor today is the piezoelectric variety， which is a distant cousin to strain-gauge devices used for static force detection. Piezoelectric crystal force transducers are used with a charge amplifier to integrate the electric charges formed on a crystal surface to a given and measurable signal proportional to the force applied.

　　These sensors are unique because they are active sensors that do not require a power supply， and signals are easily generated without causing geometric changes to the force-measurement route. They have a high-frequency response capability that makes them suitable for dynamic measurement， but because of charge leakage from the charge amplifier， also called drift， they cannot perform static measurements accurately. They have small dimensions and can operate well within a wide temperature range， and are typically used to measure oscillation， impact， high-speed tension， compression， and torque.