智能電表中的精確功率測量，第一部分：設計考慮

　　智能電表是比常規儀表更精確地識別能源消耗的先進設備。它們的設計目的是獲取有關何時使用能源的信息，而不僅僅是使用了多少能源，并將這些信息傳遞給本地實用程序進行電源監控、計費和其他用途（圖1）。

　　為滿足先進的計費和能源管理服務的需求，MCU驅動今天的智能電表和分戶計量系統采用高精度的模擬前端（AFE）電路和復雜的數據處理軟件。但是對于一個特定的應用程序，究竟需要多少精確度呢？帶有集成AFE提供足夠的精度，為您的應用程序的MCU新的作物呢？最好用硬件、軟件或兩者結合來補償線干擾，否則會歪曲MCU的測量結果？在這個由兩部分組成的系列中，我們將分享這些問題的答案，并提供最新的功率測量解決方案的綜述。

　　Figure 1： Modern Smart Meters rely on sophisticated energy measurement ICs to accurately measure power consumption， provide tamper detection and， in some cases， sense power factor on a real-time basis （Courtesy of STMicroelectronics）。

　　Smart grids need smarter meters

　　In addition to the immediate benefits of automated meter reading （AMR）， utilities are moving to smart meters in order to enable advanced capabilities that allow them to run their generation and distribution networks more efficiently. The detailed data produced by smart meters enables fine-grained customer-side load management， better utilization of distributed energy resources， and so-called smart billing based on factors like time-of day， peak consumption levels， compliance with peak load management messages， and disturbances caused by reactive loads. Meanwhile， commercial and industrial customers are making increased use of intelligent sub-metering systems to help manage their loads and in turn， their utility bills.